Methanol
| 원료 | Natual gas | ||||||||||||
| 생산물 | methanol | ||||||||||||
| 적용 | To produce methanol from light hydrocarbon feedstocks using steam reforming followed by low-pressure synthesis. | ||||||||||||
| 설명 | Description: Using light hydrocarbon feeds (either primarily C1's or a C1-C3 paraffinic blend), synthesis gas is prepared by catalytic steam reforming and subsequently fed to the loop where crude methanol is synthesized. Following synthesis, distillation facilities are provided to produce either fuel grade or chemical grade (AA) methanol. Feed gas is compressed (if necessary) in the feed gas compressor (1), preheated and then sent to desulfurization facilities (2) prior to steam addition and subsequent feeding to the reformer. In the reformer (3), steam and hydrocarbons are catalytically reformed over a nickel-alumina catalyst to produce a synthesis gas containing primarily H2, CO and CO2. Heat is removed from the hot reformer effluent by generating high pressure steam, reboiling the downstream distillation columns and preheating boiler feed water. Once the raw synthesis gas has been cooled, process condensate is separeted and the gas is compressed to the synthesis loop operating pressure in the make-up gas compressor (4). Compressed make-up gas exiting the make-up gas compressor (4) is blended with recycle gas exiting the recirculation compressor (5) before being preheated to the proper synthesis temperature in a process-to-process interchanger. Process feed from the interchanger then goes directly to the multi-bed intercooled methanol converter system (6). These reactors contain proprietary BASF low-pressure synthesis catalyst and operate anywhere between 50 and 100 atmospheres pressure. Converter effluent preheats incoming feed before passing on to a cooler and catchpot (7) where crude methanol is separated from the gas to be recycled. Heat is recovered between reactors typically by generating steam for the plant steam system. Before recycle gas returns to the recirculator (5), a small purge is taken to control build-up of inert components within the synthesis loop. Catchpot effluent is flashed in a letdown vessel (8) where dissolved gases are partially removed. From this point, the crude product passes on to the distillation train. In the first colmn (9), all remaining dissolved gases are removed as well as any light ends formed in the converter system. De-gassed methanol then passes on to the refining column (10) where either A or AA methanol is withdrawn as a sidestream very near the top of the column. Any higher alcohols present are withdrawn as a sidestream further down the column and water formed in the synthesis rection is removed as a bottoms product. All purge stream (vapor and liquid) are burned in the reforming furnace to achieve energy consumptions (feed and fuel) of approximately 26 MMBtu/short ton. |
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