Interaction between the body and implanted materials is a very complex phenomenon, and understanding the concept of cell and tissue adhesion, which is the first event that occurs when a biomaterial is implanted, is of great importance. Currently, bioabsorbable materials are preferably used as biomaterials. They are only present in the body temporary, and promote guided cell and tissue growths for the required time. Hence, the choice of the material, depending on the application, becomes crucial. This article offers an overview of cell and tissue adhesion to three types of clinically-important bioabsorbable materials from a materials perspective: scaffolds, surgical tissue adhesives, and anti-adhesive materials. (C) Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2010