Microencapsulation is nowadays widely applied for the separation or controlled and targeted release of substances. In the present work we propose using particle-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions to produce microcapsules from calcium aluminate cement. First, we investigate the parameters determining the capsule size and size distribution. Then, the anhydrous particles at the water-oil contact line are hydrated resulting in the formation of a layer of precipitated calcium aluminate hydrate that strengthens the capsule shells. By manipulating the hydration reaction of the cement particles, the capsule shell thickness is varied between 200 and 1300 similar to nm. For hydration temperatures of 3 degrees C and 25 degrees C, the capsule walls are mainly formed from Ca2Al2O(5) center dot 8H2O, whereas Ca2Al2O(5) center dot 8H2O and the stable ?-Al(OH)3 and Ca3Al2O6 center dot 6H2O phases are precipitated at 60 degrees C. In addition, the impact of these manipulations on the yield of dry microcapsules is discussed. The highest yield of intact capsules observed in this study is 72 +/- 3%. We believe that such microcapsules can lead to new applications, particularly in environments with harsh conditions or in inorganic matrixes.