고분자 전해질막 연료전지의 활성화를 위한 CV 활성화법

조기윤; 정호영; Ki-Yun Cho; Ho-Young Jung

Applied Chemistry for Engineering, Vol.23, No.5, 445-449, October, 2012

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고분자 전해질막 연료전지의 활성화를 위한 CV 활성화법

Application of CV Cycling to the Activation of the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

조기윤, 정호영^{1, †}

특허청
¹전남대학교 환경공학과

Ki-Yun Cho, and Ho-Young Jung^{1, †}

Environment & Energy Exam Division, Korean Intellectual Property Office, Daejeon 302-701, Korea
¹Department of Environmental Engineering, Chonnam National University, Kwangju 500-757, Korea

E-mail:

초록

고분자 전해질막 연료전지의 대량 생산을 위하여 막-전극 접합체(MEA) 활성화 방법의 개발이 중요한 현안이다. 현재 개발된 MEA활성화 방법은 시간이 많이 소요됨으로 인해 수소의 사용량 또한 증가하여 연료전지의 상용화에 큰 걸림돌이 되고 있다. 통상적인 활성화 방법은 활성화 원리를 주로 전해질 수화 관점에서 이해하였다. 반면, 본 논문에서 제안된 순환전압전류(cyclic voltammetry, CV) 활성화 방법은 전해질 및 촉매적 관점에서 별도로 분리하여 이해하였다. 따라서 전해질 관점에서는 상대 습도 100%인 가습된 질소를 공급하여 전극 및 막의 전해질을 수화시키는 과정으로 구성되고, 촉매적 관점에서는 CV 사이클을 수행하여 백금 촉매에 흡착되어 있는 불필요한 오염물질, 또는 산화피막을 제거하는 과정으로 수행된다. CV 활성화법은 2.5 h 내에 활성화가 종료되어 활성화 시간을 크게 단축시킬 수 있을 뿐만아니라, 수소 사용량도 기존 활성화 방법에 비하여 1/4 이하로 감소시킬 수 있어서 효과적인 연료전지 활성화 방법으로 제안하고자 한다.

The activation process of the membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) is important for the mass production of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. The conventional activation process for the MEA requires excessive time and hydrogen gas and it might become the barrier for the commercialization of the fuel cell. The conventional activation process is based on hydrolysis of ion conducting membrane. In the study, we suggest the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique as an on-line activation process and the CV activation process consists of two steps : 1) the humidification of the polymer electrolyte membrane and the electrode with 100% RH humidified nitrogen (N2) gas, and 2) the removal step of the oxide layer on the surface of the Pt catalyst with CV cycling. The cycling reduces the activation time of the MEA by 2.5 h and use of hydrogen gas by 1/4.

Keywords:membrane-electrode assembly;activation;cyclic voltammetry;hydrogen gas usage;fuel cell

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[1] Yang C, Hu M, Wang C, Cao G, J. Power Sources., 197, 180 (2012)

[2] Silva VB, Rouboa A, Fuel, 93(1), 677 (2012)

[3] Tingelof T, Ihonen JK, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy., 34, 6452 (2009)

[4] Silva VB, Rouboa A, Fuel Process. Technol., 103, 27 (2012)

[5] Boaventura M, Mendes A, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy., 35, 11649 (2010)

[6] Xu ZQ, Qi ZG, He CZ, Kaufman A, J. Power Sources, 156(2), 315 (2006)

[7] Xie Z, Zhao X, Adachi M, Ken S, Mashio T, Ohma A, Shinohara K, Holdcroft S, Navessin T, Energy & Environmental Science, supplementary material (ESI) (2008)

[8] Bi W, Gray GE, Fuller TF, Electrochem. Solid State Lett., 10(5), B101 (2007)

[9] Chinese Patent 10010014.3 (2010)

[10] Kim JH, Lee HI, Bae B, Ha HY, ECS abstract. Available from: http://www.electrochem.org/dl/ma/206/pdfs/1949.pdf (accessed 24.03.11).

[11] Road map on manufacturing R & D for the hydrogen economy, Washington, DC, July 13-14 (2005)

[12] U.S. Patent 0129689 Al (2010)

[13] U.S. Patent 6,576,356 B1 (2003)

[14] Ren X, Wilson MS, Gottesfeld S, J. Electrochem. Soc., 143, L112 (1996)

[15] Rockward TQT, Available from: http://www.fchea.org/core/import/PDFs/Technical%20Resources/Presentation on Single Cell Testing Procedure.pdf, 2004 (accessed 24.03.11).

[16] Xu H, Song Y, Kunz HR, Fenton JM, J. Electrochem. Soc., 152(9), A1828 (2005)

[17] Baturina OA, Swider-Lyons KE, J. Electrochem. Soc., 156(12), B1423 (2009)

[18] Stevens DA, Dahn JR, J. Electrochem. Soc., 150(6), A770 (2003)