Problems of environmental catalysis related to the use of nanotechnologies, as well as examples of resource-saving and environmentally-friendly technologies in catalysis, have been discussed. Particular attention has been given to works on the use of alternative components of catalytic systems and the implementation of new environmentally clean materials and methods of synthesis of catalysts that improve the quality of fuels obtained with their use. Processes for upgrading straight-run gasoline have been discussed in detail as the most environmentally and economically sound ones.