The creation of active hydrogenation catalysts for small amounts of benzene can solve the problem of the complete removal of gasoline from benzene. A set of rhodium catalysts supported on Sibunit, wood (birch) activated carbon (BAU), and fruit-stone activated carbon KAU is proposed. It has been shown that the catalyst activity depends to a large degree on the nature of the support, on the structure of the aromatic compound, and on the reaction medium. The characteristics of the charged state of rhodium on the surface of these studied catalysts have been determined by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.