Particulate Science and Technology, Vol.29, No.2, 139-150, 2011
The Engineering Hydrodynamics of Viscoplastic Suspensions
From a practical engineering design and operation perspective, accurate hydrodynamic modeling of viscoplastic suspension behavior is fundamentally important. Since the hydrodynamics of process suspension flow behavior is strongly influenced by the suspension rheology, it is essential to accommodate the suspension rheology in any hydrodynamic modeling of the suspension's flow behavior. The objective of this article is to present the overarching modeling approach developed and to compare this with empirical suspension hydrodynamic behavior over wide ranges of fluid properties and applications. The relevant literature is reviewed, and the inability of dimensional analysis to accommodate the common yield stress rheological models applicable to industrial suspensions is discussed. This approach is evaluated in the context of hydrodynamics problems relevant to the process industry: straight pipe flow, energy losses in pipe fittings and valves, free surface flows, and centrifugal pump derating. Comparison with experimental data shows that this generic modeling approach leads to accurate establishment of dynamic similarity, which is a fundamental precursor to efficient engineering design for the process industry.
Keywords:dynamic similarity;fittings losses;hydrodynamic modeling;pump derating;Reynolds number;turbulent flow;viscoplastic suspension