Propellants Explosives Pyrotechnics, Vol.35, No.1, 15-23, 2010
Density Distributions in TATB Prepared by Various Methods
The density distribution of two legacy types of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) particles were compared with TATB synthesized by new routes and recrystallized in several different solvents using a density gradient technique. Legacy wet (WA) and dry aminated (DA) TATB crystalline aggregates gave average densities of 1.9157 and 1.9.163 g cm(-3), respectively. Since the theoretical maximum density (TMD) for a perfect crystal is 1.937 g cm(-3), legacy TATB crystals averaged 99% of TMD or about 1% voids. TATB synthesized from phloroglucinol (P) had comparable particle size to legacy TATBs, but significantly lower density, 1.8340 g cm(-3). TATB synthesized from 3,5 dibromoanisole (BA) was very difficult to measure because it contained extremely fine particles, but had an average density of 1.8043 g cm(-3) over a very broad range. Density distributions of TATB recrystallized from dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), sulfolane, and an 80/20 mixture of DMSO with the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium acetate (EMImOAc), with some exceptions, gave average densities comparable or better than the legacy TATBs.