Synthesis of titanium nanorods with LPG as fuel and oxygen as oxidant in diffusion flame reactor

C. Mahender; B. Murali; M. Venkateshwararao; E.L. Santhi priya; S.U.B. Ramakrishna; V. Himabindu; Y. Anjaneyulu

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.18, No.6, 1884-1887, November, 2012

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2012.06.013 Export Citation

Synthesis of titanium nanorods with LPG as fuel and oxygen as oxidant in diffusion flame reactor

C. Mahender, B. Murali, M. Venkateshwararao, E.L. Santhi priya, S.U.B. Ramakrishna, V. Himabindu^†, and Y. Anjaneyulu¹

Centre for Environment, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad 500085, AP, India
¹TLGVRC, JSU Box 18739, JSU, Jackson, MS 32917-0939, USA

E-mail:

Nanophase titanium dioxide (TiO2) and titanium nanorods (TNRs) are synthesized by flame synthesis using LPG as fuel and oxygen (O2) as oxidant. Titanium tetraisopropoxide is used as precursor. TNRs and titanium nanoparticle (TNP) is characterized by SEM and XRD. In this paper, process parameters are investigated to synthesize the TNRs and TNPs. TNRs are formed at 1.2 slpm of O2; its average diameter is 200-600 nm. Average diameter of TNPs formed at 0.8 slpm of O2 is 90-120 nm. The results conclude at a constant flowrate of 0.4 slpm of LPG, and increasing of O2 flowrate from 0.8 to 1.2 slpm leads to formation of TNRs.

Keywords:Flame synthesis;NanoTiO2;Nanorods;LPG;Titanium tetraisopropoxide

[References]

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Pratsinis SE, Vemury S, Powder Technol., 88(3), 267 (1996)
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Spurr RA, Myers H, Analytical Chemistry., 29, 760 (1957)
Pratsinis SE, Zhu WH, Vemury S, Powder Technol., 86(1), 87 (1996)
Formenti M, Juiliet F, Meriaudeau P, Teichner SJ, Vergnon P, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science., 39, 79 (1972)
Rulison AJ, Miquel PF, Katz JL, Journal of Materials Research., 11, 3083 (1996)
Hafez H, Lan Z, Li Q, Wu J, Nanotechnology Science and Applications., 3, 45 (2010)
Chen HS, Su C, Chen JL, Yang TY, Hsu NM, Li WR, Journal of Nanomaterials., 1, 1 (2008)
Camenzind A, Caseri WR, Pratsinis SE, Nano Today., 5, 48 (2010)
Murray JH, Madler L, Pratsinis SE, Chemistry of Materials., 18, 572 (2006)

[1] Hadjiivanov KI, Klissurski DG, Chemical Society Reviews., 25, 61 (1996)

[2] Linsebigler AL, Lu GQ, Yates JT, Chem. Rev., 95(3), 735 (1995)

[3] Regan O, Gratzel M, Nature., (London), 353, 737 (1991)

[4] Chen-Chi W, Ying JY, Chemistry of Materials., 11, 3113 (1999)

[5] Negishi N, Takeuchi K, Ibusuki T, Datye AK, J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 18(7), 515 (1999)

[6] Ulagappan N, Rao CNR, Chemical Communications., (Cambridge), 14, 1685 (1996)

[7] Yin JS, Wang ZL, Adv. Mater., 11(6), 469 (1999)

[8] Hoyer P, Langmuir., 12, 141 (1996)

[9] Imai H, Takei Y, Shimizu K, Matsuda M, Hirashima H, Journal of Materials Chemistry., 9, 2971 (1999)

[10] Zhang SL, Zhou JF, Zhang ZJ, Du ZL, Vorontsov AV, Jin ZS, Chinese Science Bulletin., 45, 1533 (2000)

[11] Akurati KK, Vital A, Klotz UE, Bommer B, Graule T, Winterer M, Powder Technol., 165(2), 73 (2006)

[12] Bhanwala AK, Kumar A, Mishra DP, Kumar J, Journal Of Aerosol Science., 40, 720 (2009)

[13] Jitputti J, Pavasupree S, Suzuki Y, Yoshikawa S, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics., 47(1), 751 (2008)

[14] Pratsinis SE, Vemury S, Powder Technol., 88(3), 267 (1996)

[15] Pratsinis SE, Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., 24(3), 197 (1998)

[16] Vivek Dhand JS, Prasad M, Venkateswara Rao K, Naga Mahesh L, Anupama, Himabindu, Anjaneyulu Yerramilli VS, Raju AA, Sukumar, Indian Journal of Engineering and Material Science., (June), 14, 235 (2007)

[17] Suryanarayana C, Norton MG, X-ray diffraction a practical approach, Plenum press, New York (1998)

[18] Spurr RA, Myers H, Analytical Chemistry., 29, 760 (1957)

[19] Pratsinis SE, Zhu WH, Vemury S, Powder Technol., 86(1), 87 (1996)

[20] Formenti M, Juiliet F, Meriaudeau P, Teichner SJ, Vergnon P, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science., 39, 79 (1972)

[21] Rulison AJ, Miquel PF, Katz JL, Journal of Materials Research., 11, 3083 (1996)

[22] Hafez H, Lan Z, Li Q, Wu J, Nanotechnology Science and Applications., 3, 45 (2010)

[23] Chen HS, Su C, Chen JL, Yang TY, Hsu NM, Li WR, Journal of Nanomaterials., 1, 1 (2008)

[24] Camenzind A, Caseri WR, Pratsinis SE, Nano Today., 5, 48 (2010)

[25] Murray JH, Madler L, Pratsinis SE, Chemistry of Materials., 18, 572 (2006)