Upon closer examination, the apparently simple operation of granulating plastics forwards a multiplicity of individual aspects. Some of them are well investigated, but others open up to a wide field for scientific prospection. For better understanding of product and process behavior one has to refer to a variety of scientific disciplines like material science, thermodynamics, rheology, mechanics of materials, tribology, and practical mechanics. Granulation or pelletizing are means to turn plastics into a transportable and dosable form. In this article, the two methods are compared and potential for further research is indicated.