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Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol.51, No.44, 14577-14582, 2012
Commercial Zinc Oxide: A Facile, Efficient, and Eco-friendly Catalyst for the One-Pot Three-Component Synthesis of Multisubstituted 2-Aminothiophenes via the Gewald Reaction
An eco-friendly, simple, and effective protocol is developed for the synthesis of various multisubstituted 2-aminothiophenes. In the presence of a catalytic amount of ZnO (5 mol %), ketones or aldehydes, malononitrile and elemental sulfur. were converted to the corresponding 2-aminothiophene derivatives in moderate to high yields (27%70%) under solvent-free conditions at 100 degrees C. Zinc oxide as an efficient, readily available, and reusable catalyst, showed Very good e catalytic activity for the synthesis of 2-aminothiophene derivatives. Thus far, little research has been reported on the Gewald reacion under solvent-free conditions; to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that it has been proposed as an inexpensive and readily, available catalyst for use in the target synthetic route.