SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, Vol.50, No.5, 3083-3112, 2012
A PHYSICALLY MOTIVATED CLASS OF SCATTERING PASSIVE LINEAR SYSTEMS
We introduce a class of scattering passive linear systems motivated by examples from mathematical physics. The state space of the system is X = H circle plus E, where H and E are Hilbert spaces. We also have a Hilbert space E-0 which is dense in E, with continuous embedding, and E-0' is the dual of E-0 with respect to the pivot space E. The input space is the same as the output space, and it is denoted by U. The semigroup generator has the structure A = [0 -L L* G-1/2 K* K], where L is an element of L(E-0, H) and K is an element of L(E-0, U) are such that [L K], with domain E-0, is closed as an unbounded operator from E to H circle plus U. The operator G is an element of L(E-0, E-0') is such that Re < G(w0), w(0)> <= 0 for all w(0) is an element of E-0. The observation operator is C = [0 -K], the control operator is B = -C*, and the output equation is y = Cx + u = -Kw + u, where u is the input function, x = [z w] is the state trajectory, and y is the corresponding output function. We show that this system is scattering passive (hence, well-posed) and that classical solutions of the system equation (x) over dot = Ax + Bu satisfy d/d t parallel to x(t)parallel to(2) = parallel to u(t)parallel to(2) - parallel to y(t)parallel to(2) + 2Re < Gw, w >. Moreover, the dual system satisfies a similar power balance equation. Hence, this system is scattering conservative if and only if Re < Gw(0), w(0)> = 0 for all w(0) is an element of E-0. We give two examples involving the beam equation and one with Maxwell's equations.
Keywords:scattering passive system;scattering conservative system;system node;Cayley transform;beam equation;Maxwell's equations