F-18-Radiolabeled nano-hydroxyapatite (HAP) was synthesized by a simple wet-chemical method. Then, anesthetized experimental rabbits were injected in the auricular vein with an F-18-radiolabeled nano-HAP suspension dispersed in physiological saline. Through PET/CT scanning, the nano-HAP biodistribution could be observed and analyzed in dynamically acquired PET images. The current work may provide a new approach for the investigation of the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of nano-HAP and other related nanoparticles in vivo.