This paper investigates the finite-time stability (FTS) analysis and finite-time H-infinity control design for a class of nonlinear time-delay Hamiltonian systems, and proposes some delay-dependent results on both the FTS and finite-time control design. First, a criterion on the FTS is proposed for general time-delay nonlinear systems via the Razumikhin approach. Then, based on the criterion, some delay-independent and delay-dependent conditions on the FTS are derived for the nonlinear time-delay Hamiltonian systems by constructing a suitable Lyapunov function. Third, we use the obtained FTS results to investigate the finite-time H-infinity control problem, and present a control design procedure for a class of nonlinear time-delay port-controlled Hamiltonian systems by the energy-shaping approach. Study of two illustrative examples shows that the results obtained in this paper work very well in the FTS analysis and control design of some nonlinear time-delay Hamiltonian systems. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.