A Gram-negative, aerobic, short-rod-shaped, non-motile bacterium designated Rs7(T), was isolated from peat soil collected from Russia and was characterized to determine its taxonomic position. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the strain Rs7(T) belongs to the class Betaproteobacteria. The highest degree of sequence similarities were determined to be with Burkholderia tropica Ppe8(T) (98.4 %), Burkholderia unamae MTI-641(T) (97.8 %), Burkholderia bannensis E25(T) (97.7 %), Burkholderia heleia SA41(T) (97.0 %), and Burkholderia sacchari IPT101(T) (97.0 %). Chemotaxonomic data revealed that the strain Rs7(T) possesses ubiquinone Q-8. The polar lipid profile of strain Rs7(T) contained phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and an unknown amino phospholipid. The predominant fatty acids were C-16:0, C-19:0 cyclo omega 8c, and C-17:0 cyclo, all of which corroborated the assignment of the strain to the genus Burkholderia. The DNA G+C content was 63.2 mol%. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments showed less than 37.8 % DNA relatedness with closely related type strains, thus confirming separate species status. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed phenotypic differentiation of strain Rs7(T) from the members of the genus Burkholderia. Based on these data, Rs7(T) (=KEMC 7302-068(T) = JCM 18069(T)) should be classified as the type strain for a novel Burkholderia species, for which the name Burkholderia humi sp. nov. is proposed.