Polyurethane과 polyurethane dimethacrylate를 이용한 내충격성 PMMA수지의 합성과 그 물성

김동현; 김주영; 서경도

Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.4, No.3, 616-626, September, 1993

Export Citation

Polyurethane과 polyurethane dimethacrylate를 이용한 내충격성 PMMA수지의 합성과 그 물성

Synthesis and Property of Modified PMMA Resin Using Polyurethane and Polyurethane Dimethacrylate

김동현, 김주영, 서경도

초록

유연성과 강인성이 우수하여 탄성체로 널리 사용되어지고 있는 폴리우레탄(PU)을 이용하여 폴리메틸메타크릴레이트(PMMA)의 물성향상을 검토하여 보았다. PU와 PMMA블렌드의 분자량과 폴리올의 종류가 블렌드의 물성과 상용성에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위하여, 분자량 또는 폴리올의 종류가 각기 다른 ether type과 ester type의 PU를 합성하여서, 이를 PMMA와 블렌드 하였다. 블렌드의 인장강도는 Instron을 이용하여서 측정하였고, Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)와 Differental Scanning Calorimetry(DSC)를 이용하여서 두 고분자의 상용성의 변화에 따른 형태학과 유리전이온도 변화를 측정하였으며, haze meter를 이용하여 투명성을 측정하였다. 그러나, PU와 PMMA 두 고분자의 본질적인 비 상용성으로 인하여 블렌드를 통한 PMMA의 물성 개량은 큰 성과를 얻지 못하였다. 따라서 PU와 유사한 화학구조를 가지고 있으면서, 양말단에 비닐기가 도입된 형태인 폴리우레탄 디메타아크릴레이트(PUD)를 합성하여서 메틸메타크릴레이트와 공중합하여 가교 공중합체를 합성하였으며, 이 가교 공중합체의 기계적 물성을 Instron, Izod type(Cantilever Beam)impact tester와 haze meter 등을 이용하여 측정하였다. 그 결과 PMMA 단독수지의 투명성을 유지하면서 내충격성이 상당히 개선된다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

Polyurethane(PU) have an excellent flexibility and toughness so that it has been widely used as an elastomer. PMMA was blended with PU to improve the impact property. Five types of PU, having different molecular weight and different polyol types, were prepared and blended with PMMA in order to investigate the effect of molecular weight and polyol type of PU on property of PU-PMMA blend. Tensile strength of PU-PMMA blend was determined by Inston. Differential Scanning Calorymetry(DSC) and Scanning. Elctron Microscopy(SEM) were used to observe morphology change and glass transition temperature changes of PU-PMMA blends. Transparency of PU-PMMA blends was determined by haze meter. But, owing to intrinsic incompatability of PU-PMMA, Low impact strength of PMMA wasn't improved through PU-PMMA blend. therefore, polyurethane dimethacrylate(PUD), having similiar chemical structure to PU and two vinyl group at both ends, was prepared and reacted with methyl methacrylate(MMA) to form crosslinked copolymer Mechanical property of this crosslinked polymer, such as impact strength and transparency, was investigated by Instron, Izod type (Cantilever beam) impact tester and haze meter. Results of these measurements showed that crosslinked copolymer of PUD-MMA was better impact resistance than PMMA and maintained similar transparency to PMMA.

[References]

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Mark HF, "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering," Wiley Interscience, NY, Vol. 1, 374 (1985)
European Patent, 90,109,999 (1990)
Frank O, Lehmann J, Colloid Polym. Sci., 264, 473 (1986)
Bucknell CB, Toughened Plastics, Material Science Series, Applied Science Publishiers Ltd., London (1977)
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Oertel G, "Polyurethane Handbook," Hanser Publishiers (1985)
U.S. Patent, 4,309,526 (1982)
Snell FD, Ettre LS, "Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemical Analysis," Interscience Publishers, 19, 272 (1979)
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[1] Sounders KJ, "Organic Polymer Chemistry," Champion & Hall, NY, 62 (1988)

[2] Mark HF, "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering," Wiley Interscience, NY, Vol. 1, 374 (1985)

[3] European Patent, 90,109,999 (1990)

[4] Frank O, Lehmann J, Colloid Polym. Sci., 264, 473 (1986)

[5] Bucknell CB, Toughened Plastics, Material Science Series, Applied Science Publishiers Ltd., London (1977)

[6] Bucknell CB, Partridge IK, Word MV, J. Mater. Sci., 19, 2064 (1984)

[7] Perin DD, "Purification of Laboratory Chemicals," 3rd Ed., 25p, 255p (1988)

[8] Oertel G, "Polyurethane Handbook," Hanser Publishiers (1985)

[9] U.S. Patent, 4,309,526 (1982)

[10] Snell FD, Ettre LS, "Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemical Analysis," Interscience Publishers, 19, 272 (1979)

[11] Sela M, Berger A, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 77, 1893 (1955)

[12] Poyle E, "The Development and Use of Polyurethane Products," McGraw-Hill, 16 (1984)