Nature Materials, Vol.7, No.4, 291-294, 2008
Cupric oxide as an induced-multiferroic with high-T-C
Materials that combine coupled electric and magnetic dipole order are termed 'magnetoelectric multiferroics'(1-4). In the past few years, a new class of such materials, 'induced-multiferroics', has been discovered(5,6), wherein non-collinear spiral magnetic order breaks inversion symmetry, thus inducing ferroelectricity(7-9). Spiral magnetic order often arises from the existence of competing magnetic interactions that reduce the ordering temperature of a more conventional collinear phase(10). Hence, spiral-phase-induced ferroelectricity tends to exist only at temperatures lower than similar to 40 K. Here, we propose that copper(II) oxides (containing Cu2+ ions) having large magnetic superexchange interactions(11) can be good candidates for induced-multiferroics with high Curie temperature (T-C). In fact, we demonstrate ferroelectricity with T-C = 230K in cupric oxide, CuO (tenorite), which is known as a starting material for the synthesis of high-T-c (critical temperature) superconductors. Our result provides an important contribution to the search for high-temperature magnetoelectric multiferroics.