Photocatalytic degradation of dye by Ag/ZnO prepared by reduction of Tollen’s reagent and the ecotoxicity of degraded products

Boonya Thongrom; Pongsaton Amornpitoksuk; Sumetha Suwanboon; Jonas Baltrusaitis

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.31, No.4, 587-592, April, 2014

DOI10.1007/s11814-013-0262-x Export Citation

Photocatalytic degradation of dye by Ag/ZnO prepared by reduction of Tollen’s reagent and the ecotoxicity of degraded products

Boonya Thongrom¹, Pongsaton Amornpitoksuk^{1, 2, †}, Sumetha Suwanboon^{3, 2}, and Jonas Baltrusaitis⁴

¹Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
²Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology for Energy (CENE), Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
³Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla Univeristy, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
⁴PhotoCatalytic Synthesis Group, University of Twente, Meander 229, P. O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands

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A heterostructure of Ag/ZnO powder was prepared by a reduction of Ag(NH3)2+ ions in a basic solution or Tollen’s reagent. From this method, the existence of a metallic Ag coating on the ZnO surface was confirmed by transmission electron microscope and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the Ag/ZnO powders was investigated by analyzing the degradation of an aqueous methylene blue solution under a blacklight irradiation. Furthermore, the parameters, including Ag content, catalyst loading, initial dye concentration and pH, were also studied. After the methylene blue solution was irradiated for 30min under a blacklight illumination, total mineralization was not observed as the presence of some carbon compound species was indicated in a mass spectrum. Furthermore, the toxicity of the treated methylene blue solution produced by the Ag/ZnO powders was also investigated by a test for the inhibition of the growth of Chlorella vulgaris.

Keywords:Ag/ZnO;Photocatalyst;Tollen’s Reagent;Chlorella vulgaris

[References]

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[Referenced By]

[1] Jiang L, Zhou G, Mi J, Wu Z, Catal. Commun., 24, 48 (2012)

[2] Tan T, Li Y, Liu Y, Wang B, Song X, Li E, Wang H, Yan H, Chem. Phys., 111, 305 (2008)

[3] Zhang XW, Zhou MH, Lei LC, Mater. Chem. Phys., 91(1), 73 (2005)

[4] Zhou G, Deng J, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process., 10, 90 (2007)

[5] Chakrabarti S, Dutta BK, J. Hazard. Mater., 112(3), 269 (2004)

[6] Yuan MJ, Wang ST, Wang XH, Zhao LL, Hao TH, Appl. Surf. Sci., 257(18), 7913 (2011)

[7] Fujishima A, Rao TN, Tryk DA, J. Photochem. Photobiol. C, 1, 1 (2000)

[8] Nakata K, Fujishima A, J. Photochem. Photobiol. C, 13, 169 (2012)

[9] Zheng YH, Zheng LR, Zhan YY, Lin XY, Zheng Q, Wei KM, Inorg. Chem., 46(17), 6980 (2007)

[10] Zhang D, Song X, Zhang R, Zhang M, Liu F, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 9, 1643 (2005)

[11] Li F, Liu X, Qin Q, Wu J, Li Z, Huang X, Cryst. Res. Technol., 44, 1249 (2009)

[12] Tian C, Li W, Pan K, Zhang Q, Tian G, Zhou W, Fu H, J. Solid State Chem., 183, 2720 (2010)

[13] Umar A, Chauhan MS, Chauhan S, Kumar R, Kumar G, Al-Sayari SA, Hwang SW, Al-Hajry A, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 363(2), 521 (2011)

[14] Yang LY, Dong SY, Sun JH, Feng JL, Wu QH, Sun SP, J. Hazard. Mater., 179(1-3), 438 (2010)

[15] Athibai S, Species diversity and distribution of the family Brachionidae (Rotifers) in Thailand, A thesis for the degree of doctor of philosophy, Khon Kaen University (2008)

[16] Alammar T, Mudring AV, J. Mater. Sci., 44(12), 3218 (2009)

[17] Lai Y, Zhuang H, Xie K, Gony D, Tang Y, Sun L, Lin C, Chen Z, New J. Chem., 34, 1335 (2010)

[18] Ren CL, Yang BF, Wu M, Xu JA, Fu ZP, Lv Y, Guo T, Zhao YX, Zhu CQ, J. Hazard. Mater., 182(1-3), 123 (2010)

[19] Habibi MH, Sheibani R, J. Sol-Gel Technol., 54, 195 (2010)

[20] Byrappa K, Subramani AK, Ananda S, Lokanatha-Rai KM, Dinesh R, Yoshimura M, Bull. Mater. Sci., 29, 433 (2006)

[21] Kansal SK, Kaur N, Singh S, Nanoscale Res. Lett., 4, 709 (2009)

[22] Comparelli R, Fanizza E, Curri ML, Cozzi PD, Mascolo G, Agostiano A, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 60(1-2), 1 (2005)

[23] Nogueira AE, Ramalho TC, Oliveira LCA, Top. Catal., 54, 270 (2011)

[24] Huang FM, Chen L, Wang HL, Yan ZC, Chem. Eng. J., 162(1), 250 (2010)

[25] Orendorz A, Ziegler C, Gnaser H, Appl. Surf. Sci., 255(4), 1011 (2008)

[26] Rana BC, (Ed.), Pollution and Biomonitoring, Tata McGraw-Hill Ltd., New Delhi (1995)

[27] Chen CY, Water Air Soil Pollut., 202, 335 (2009)