석유화학공정내에서 원유의 파울링 현상에 관한 연구

이동락; 류상련; 박상진; 조욱상; 김상욱

Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.7, No.3, 443-452, June, 1996

Export Citation

석유화학공정내에서 원유의 파울링 현상에 관한 연구

A Study on Fouling Phenomena of in Petroleum Chemical Process

이동락, 류상련, 박상진, 조욱상, 김상욱

초록

석유화학공정에서 fouling 현상은 열교환기, 보일러, desalter 등 주요 전처리 시설 및 공정에 polymer, heavy paraffine, chemicals, heave organics, asphaltene, resin, metallics, salts 등 불순물들이 침적 및 부식을 일으켜 각종 조업에 있어서 에너지의 다량소비 및 product yield 의 중단으로 말미암아 생산성의 손실이 대단히 크다고 볼수 있다. 본 연구에서는 석유화학공정에서 foulants의 분리되는 양을 계산하고, 제어할 수 있는 model의 개발을 위하여 fouling 현상에 대한 modeling을 연속열역학과 Peng-Robinson 상태 방정식, 고분자 용액 이론, 다성분계 열역학 이론 등을 이용하여 fouling 현상에 대한 메카니즘규명과 모델링을 하였다.

Fouling is caused by sedimentation and corrosion of polymer, heavy paraffine, chemicals, heavy organics, asphaltene, etc. in the entire chemical process of heat exchanger, boiler, desalter, etc. Fouling phenomena remains a serious operating problem which results in increased energy consumption, increased pressure drops, reduction or complete loss of products yield, and increased maintenance costs. In order to calculate the separated amounts of foulants and to control the fouling process, the predictive model is developed which is based on Scott & Magat polymer solution theory, Peng-Robinson EOS, BWR EOS, and continuous and multicompoent thermodynamics.

[References]

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Crittenden BD, Trans. I ChemE, 70, 547 (1992)
Park SJ, "A Thermodynamic Polydisperse Polymer Model: Aggregation, Deposition and Flocculation," Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Illinois (1989)
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[1] Wachel LJ, Hydrocarb. Process., Nov., 107 (1986)

[2] Haluska JL, Hydrocarb. Process., Mar., 153 (1978)

[3] Crittenden BD, Kolaozkowski ST, Hydrocarb. Process., Aug., 45 (1987)

[4] Crittenden BD, Kolaczkowski ST, Hout SA, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 65, 171 (1987)

[5] Taborek J, Aoki T, Ritter RB, Palem JW, Knudsen JG, Chem. Eng. Prog., 68, 56 (1972)

[6] Sanatgar H, Somerscales EFC, Chem. Eng. Prog., 53 (1991)

[7] James CM, "Final Report of the HTRI/TEMA Joint Committee to Review the Fouling Section of the TEMA Standards," 11, 37 (1990)

[8] "Fouling Control on Crude Preheat Exchanger/Furnace," Nalco Chemical Company (1988)

[9] Crittenden BD, Trans. I ChemE, 70, 547 (1992)

[10] Park SJ, "A Thermodynamic Polydisperse Polymer Model: Aggregation, Deposition and Flocculation," Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Illinois (1989)

[11] Park SJ, Mansoori GA, Energy Sources, 10, 177 (1988)

[12] Won KW, Fluid Phase Equilib., 30, 265 (1986)

[13] Swarts CLE, Pang KH, Verneuil VS, "Refinery Implementation of a Data Reconciliation Scheme," 22, ISA International Conference, Philadelphia (1989)

[14] Epstein N, Heat Transf. Eng., 4, 43 (1983)

[15] McCabe WL, Chem. Met. Eng., 33 (1926)

[16] Kern DQ, Seaton RE, Br. Chem. Eng., 4, 258 (1959)

[17] Reizer BJ, Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev., 3, 345 (1964)

[18] Watkinson AP, "Particulate Fouling of Sensible heat Exchanger," Presented at the 65th Annual AICHE Meeting (1972)

[19] Metzner AB, Friend WL, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 36, 235 (1958)

[20] Beal SK, "Prediction of heat Exchanger Fouling Rate," Presented at the 65th Annual AICHE Meeting (1972)

[21] Hassen D, Dechema-Monographien, 47, 233 (1962)

[22] Kundsen JF, "Apparatus and Techniques for Measurement of Fouling of heat Transfer Surfaces," in Fouling of Heat Transfer Equipment, eds. E.F.C. Somerscales and J.G. Knudsen, 57 Hemisphere, Washington, D.C. (1981)

[23] Fryer PJ, Sluter NKH, Chem. Eng. J., 31, 97 (1985)

[24] Fryer PJ, Hobin DJ, Mawer SP, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 66, 658 (1988)

[25] Paul A, Chem. Eng. Technol., 15, 82 (1992)

[26] Crittenden BD, Kolaczkowski ST, Trans. IChemE, 70, 547 (1992)

[27] Scott RL, Magat MO, J. Chem. Phys., 13, 178 (1945)

[28] Cavett RH, "Physical Data for Distillation Calculation; Vapor-Liquid Equilibria," Proc. 27th. API, Meeting, San Francisco, 351 (1962)

[29] Edmister WC, Pet. Refiner, 37, 173 (1958)

[30] Katz DL, Firoozabadi A, J. Pet. Thec., 1649 (1978)

[31] Lee BI, Kesler MG, AIChE J., 21, 510 (1975)

[32] Shock DA, Sadbury JD, CrockettJS, J. Pet. Thec., 7, 23 (1955)

[33] Kawanaka S, Park SJ, Mansoori GA, "The Role of Asphaltene Deposition in EOR Gas Flooding: A Predictive Technique," SPE/DOE Paper #17376, Proceedings of the 1988 SPE/DOE Enhanced Oil Recovery Symposium, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Tulsa, OK., April (1988)

[34] Nellesteyn FJ, "The Colloidal Structure of Bitumen," The Science of Petrolenum, Oxford University Press, 4, 2760 (1938)

[35] Swanson J, J. Phys. Chem., 46, 141 (1942)