Conversion of organic matter to hydrogen in a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) is one of promising ways for hydrogen generation. However, the lack of efficient and cost-effective cathode catalysts and the need of additional electricity input make it less attractive. To resolve these problems, in this work a light-driven microbial photoelectrochemical cell (MPC) system, which consists of a TiO2 photocathode and a microbial anode, was constructed to utilize light energy and harvest electrons respectively. In this MPC system, continuous hydrogen production was achieved without external applied voltage under UV irradiation, and it had worked well continuously over 200 h in a batch-fed mode under light illumination. An average hydrogen production rate of 3.5 mu mol/h was obtained. The results are useful for designing new hydrogen-harvesting systems. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.