A facile hydrothermal method is employed to prepare Fe2O3/graphene composites with different contents of graphene which is determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TG). While the X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicates the presence of hematite, the graphene and Fe2O3 are demonstrated to be existed via Fourier transform infrared spectra (FI-IR) and Raman spectroscopic analysis. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) also illustrate the good combination of graphene and Fe2O3, especially for the composite with graphene mass content of 30%. After performed as anode for lithium ion battery, Fe2O3/graphene composite with graphene mass content of 30% exhibits outstanding cyclability with highly reversible charge capacity of 1069 mAh g(-1) after 50 cycles, at current density of 50 mA g(-1). And when the current density is increased to 1000 mA g(-1), it could still retain charge capacity of 534 mAh g(-1). Meanwhile, the critical role of graphene to the electrochemical performance of composites has also been proven. Crown Copyright (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.