In this study, the non-stoichiometric redox compound La2Ni0.9V0.1O4.15+delta has been tested as an oxidant in selective oxidation of propane. The extent of over-stoichiometry (delta) was varied via both removing oxygen with propane in pulse experiments, as well as partial re-oxidation with oxygen. The optimal degree of over-stoichiometry (delta) has been quantified; olefins are formed whereas formation of CO2 is prevented provided that delta is below 0.03. Additionally, the structural stability of the material was tested with in situ X-ray diffraction in H-2 (H-2-XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), propane-pulse-experiments and re-oxidation cycles. La2Ni0.9V0.1O4.15+delta has demonstrated structure stability at 550 degrees C and reversibility during oxidation-reduction cycles at 800 degrees C. Therefore, La2Ni0.9V0.1O4.15+delta is considered suitable for selective oxidative dehydrogenation of propane, provided that the degree of over-stoichiometry is limited to 0.03. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.