초음파 에너지를 이용한 Polystyrene Latex의 중합 특성

김형진; 김원일; 이승범; 홍인권

Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.8, No.6, 886-892, December, 1997

Export Citation

초음파 에너지를 이용한 Polystyrene Latex의 중합 특성

Polymerization of Polystyrene Latex using Ultrasound Energy Effect

김형진, 김원일, 이승범, 홍인권

초록

Polystyrene latex를 제조하는 여러방법중에서 상업적으로는 유화중합기술이 가장 많이 사용되고 있다. 유화중합에서 사용되는 화학개시제가 환경오염 유발의 원인이 될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 고분자 중합 방법도 전통적 기술을 벗어나는 다양한 공정의 개발이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 화학 개시제를 초음파 에너지 효과로 대체하여 초음파 조사시에 나타나는 공동현상에 의한 자유 라디칼(free radical)을 생성시켜 polystyrene latex를 제조하였다. 제조된 polystyrene latex를 GPC로 분석한 결과 초음파 조사시간이 증가할수록 평균분자량은 증가하였으며 분산도는 감소하였다. 또한 계면활성제로 사용된 sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)의 농도가 증가할수록 중합도는 증가하였으며, SDS의 농도가 전체의 2wt.%이고 반응온도가 40℃일 때 중합도는 2.43X10⁴으로 최대값을 나타내었다. 중합이 진행되는 동안 해중합이 동시에 발생하므로 평균분자량은 증가와 감소를 반복하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 초음파 조사시간과 계면활성제의 농도를 조절하므로써 분자량이 조절된 좁은 분자량 분포의 polystyrene latex를 제조할 수 있었다.

There are many methods to synthesize polystyrene latex. Emulsion polymerization technique is commonly used commercially, but it requires a new technology to replace a traditional polymerization method because of the disadvantage of chemical initiator for environmental pollution. Since free radicals can be produced by ultrasound energy effect, polystyrene latex was synthesized using ultrasound energy instead of chemical initiator. As the ultrasonic irradiation time was increased, average molecular weight was increased and polydispersity was decreased. The degree of polymerization was increased with the concentration of SDS and maximum degree of polymerization was shown at 2wt.% SDS concentration and the reaction temperature of 40℃. During the course of polymerization, molecular weight was repeatedly fluctuated because of occurrence of depolymerization. Narrow molecular weight distribution polystyrene latex having controlled molecular weight was synthesized by controlling ultrasonic irradiation time and the concentration of SDS.

[References]

Bhowmick AK, Hall MM, Benarey HA, "Rubber Products Manufacturing Technology," Marcel Dekker Inc., NY (1994)
Overbeek JT, "Electrochemistry," vol. 1, Massachsetts Institute of Tech. Cambridge, Massachsetts (1981)
Griffing VG, J. Chem. Phys., 20, 939 (1952)
Mason TJ, "Advances in Sonochemistry," vol. 1, JAI Press, NY (1990)
Mason TJ, Lorimer JP, "Sonochemistry," John Wiley & Sons, NY (1988)
Mason TJ, "Chemistry with Ultrasound," Elsevier, NY (1990)
Bigg S, Grieser F, Macromolecules, 28(14), 4877 (1995)
Ramirez-del-Solar M, De la Rosa-Fox N, Esquivias L, Zarzycki J, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 121, 40 (1990)
Kruus P, O'Neill M, Robertson D, Ultrasonics, 28, 304 (1990)
Gilbert RG, "Emulsion Polymerization," Academic Press, London (1995)
Weissler A, J. Appl. Phys., 21, 171 (1950)
Prudhomme RO, J. Chem. Phys., 47, 795 (1950)
William BS, Harald WT, J. Phys. Chem., 72, 4613 (1968)
Lansing WD, Kraemer EO, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 57, 1369 (1935)

[Referenced By]

[1] Bhowmick AK, Hall MM, Benarey HA, "Rubber Products Manufacturing Technology," Marcel Dekker Inc., NY (1994)

[2] Overbeek JT, "Electrochemistry," vol. 1, Massachsetts Institute of Tech. Cambridge, Massachsetts (1981)

[3] Griffing VG, J. Chem. Phys., 20, 939 (1952)

[4] Mason TJ, "Advances in Sonochemistry," vol. 1, JAI Press, NY (1990)

[5] Mason TJ, Lorimer JP, "Sonochemistry," John Wiley & Sons, NY (1988)

[6] Mason TJ, "Chemistry with Ultrasound," Elsevier, NY (1990)

[7] Bigg S, Grieser F, Macromolecules, 28(14), 4877 (1995)

[8] Ramirez-del-Solar M, De la Rosa-Fox N, Esquivias L, Zarzycki J, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 121, 40 (1990)

[9] Kruus P, O'Neill M, Robertson D, Ultrasonics, 28, 304 (1990)

[10] Gilbert RG, "Emulsion Polymerization," Academic Press, London (1995)

[11] Weissler A, J. Appl. Phys., 21, 171 (1950)

[12] Prudhomme RO, J. Chem. Phys., 47, 795 (1950)

[13] William BS, Harald WT, J. Phys. Chem., 72, 4613 (1968)

[14] Lansing WD, Kraemer EO, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 57, 1369 (1935)