It has been revealed that hydrocalumite (Ca2Al-Cl-LDH) removes Cr (VI) via anion-exchange while P via dissolution-reprecipitation. In current work, the intercalation of Cr (VI) was relative to the remaining LDH, which resulted in the increase of Cr (VI) removal amount with increasing pH. In contrast, more Ca-5(PO4)(3)OH was precipitated at initial pH 5.0 in the case of P removal, which was attributed to more hydrocalumite dissolved at such low pH. Moreover, the composition of the final solution in each case provided the evaluation of free ionic concentrations product (CP) which demonstrates that the formation of product was related to its CP value that was higher than or close to the corresponding Ksp. As Ca-5(PO4)(3)OH or LDH-CrO4 has the lowest solubility product (Ksp) among all possible solid in each case, our results propose that the removal process of chromate and phosphate over hydrocalumite was controlled by Ksp of the product. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.