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Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol.241, 513-520, 2014
Pore size and flux behavior of polyvinylidene fluoride and polymethyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride with TiO2
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane is easily fouled due to its hydrophobic nature. This study attempted to reduce fouling by combining PVDF with hydrophilic poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (PVMVE-alt-MA) and TiO2 nanoparticles by phase inversion method. Results showed that the average pore size of the blended membranes increased when the amount of PVME-alt-MA that was added to the casted dope was increased from 0% to 3%, but beyond 3% there was no change in pore size. The membrane made from 6% PVME-alt-MA displayed minimal macrovoid formation, and sustained the highest flux in both pure water crossflow filtration and 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) laboratory-scale filtration. It also exhibited the highest flux recovery after water rinsing and UV treatment. Flux and transmembrane pressure (TMP) trends indicate that membrane morphology (pore size and sub-layer pore arrangement) have greater impact on preventing cake layer formation than hydrophilicity. Water rinsing caused the membranes to recover 50-95% of their initial flux, whereas UV treatment had minimal effect. The membranes exhibited Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye removal by photocatalysis. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.