This review summarizes recent approaches in TiO2 photocatalysis regarding new materials and applications. TiO2 photocatalysis is widely applied in many areas, so development of new materials and applications is strongly desired. In this review, we provide a brief introduction of the history and basic mechanism of TiO2 photocatalysis. The fabrication of novel TiO2 nanofibers and nanotubes, and application of TiO2 photocatalysis in water and air purification and printing are highlighted. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.