Electrochimica Acta, Vol.85, 475-485, 2012
Electrocatalytic aerobic epoxidation of alkenes: Experimental and DFT investigation
A new method for electrocatalytic aerobic epoxidation of alkenes catalyzed by binuclear Cu(II) complexes with azomethine ligands based on 2,6-diformy1-4-tert-butylphenol is described. In acetonitrile-water (5%), at the potential of Cu-II/Cu-I redox couple (-0.8 V vs. Ag/AgCl/KCl) at room temperature the epoxide is obtained in an average yield of around 50%. Contrary to the majority of known epoxidations, no strong oxidants are involved and no free hydrogen peroxide is formed in the reaction, thus making it ecologically friendly. The DFT quantum-chemical modeling of the reaction mechanism revealed that a copper hydroperoxo-complex rather than hydrogen peroxide or a copper oxo-complex oxidizes alkene. The process is very selective since neither products of hydroxylation of benzene ring in styrene nor of allylic oxidation of cyclohexene were detected. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.