PdS-CdS modified by polyaniline (PANI) as a novel photocatalyst was synthesized via a sonochemical approach for the first time. The as-prepared photocatalysts were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis absorption spectra, FT-IR spectra, and fluorescence spectra (PL). Under visible light, the photocatalysts showed excellent photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution in the absence of noble metal Pt and the antiphotocorrosion performance of the composite photocatalyst was also found to be significantly improved simultaneously compared to PdS-CdS without PANI modification. The highest rate for H-2 evolution was 3.32 mmol/h with the concentration of 1 wt.%PANI and 1 wt.%PdS. Copyright (C) 2011, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.