Polymerization of N-Vinylcarbazole by Ammonium Perchlorate

Gal YS; Ryoo MS; Jung B; Cho HN; Choi SK

Korea Polymer Journal, Vol.1, No.2, 100-105, October, 1993

Gal YS, Ryoo MS, Jung B, Cho HN, Choi SK

The polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole (NVC) by ammonium perchlorate (AP, NH₄ ClO₄) was carried out under various reaction conditions. The effect of the initial monomer concentration ([M]_o), NVC to AP mole ratio, temperature, and solvents on the polymerization of NVC was evaluated. As [M]_o was increased from 0.25 to 2.0 M, the polymer yield was increased from 27% to 91%. On the other hand, the polymer yield was gradually decreased from 85% to 52% as the NVC/AP mole ratio was increased from 25 to 500. The polymerization was well proceeded in aromatic solvents such as chlorobenzene, toluene, and nitrobenzene. The structure of poly(NVC) was characterized by NMR, IR, UV spectroscopies and elemental analysis. The stereochemical results by ¹H-NMR and fluorescence-emission spectroscopies indicated that the polymerization solvents have a strong influence on the polymer stereoregularity

[References]

Schildnecht CE, Vinyl and Related Polymers, Wiley, New York (1952)
Geist K, Ger. Patent, 1,097,680 (1961)
Cornish EH, Br. Patent, 1,007,040 (1965)
Dumont E, Rinhardt H, Ger. Patent, 1,001,488 (1959)
Ellinger LP, J. Polym. Sci., 10, 551 (1966)
Sprague RH, Photogra. Sci. Eng., 5, 98 (1961)
Wainer E, U.S. Patent, 3,042,517 (1962)
Ellinger LP, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 10, 551 (1966)
Crellin RA, Leducth A, Macromolecules, 8, 93 (1975)
Sengupta PK, Mukhopadhyay G, Makromol. Chem., 183, 1093 (1982)
Biswas M, Chakravarty DJ, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 11, 7 (1973)
Rooney JM, Makromol. Chem., 179, 165 (1978)
Terrell DR, Evers FJ, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 20, 2529 (1982)
Lee JY, Cho SO, Padias AB, Hall HK, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 12, 271 (1991)
Solomon OF, Dimonie M, Ambrosh K, Tomesku M, J. Polym. Sci., 52, 205 (1961)
Heller J, Tiesken DD, Parkin DB, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 1, 125 (1963)
Pac J, Plesch PH, Polymer, 8, 237 (1967)
Pielichowski J, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Symp., 42, 451 (1973)
Tazuke M, Asai M, Okamura S, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 5, 1911 (1967)
Tazuke M, Asai M, Okamura S, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 6, 1809 (1968)
Cho HN, Choi SK, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 25, 1769 (1987)
Solomon OF, Dimonie M, J. Polym. Sci. C: Polym. Lett., 4, 969 (1964)
Solomon OF, Ciuta IZ, Cobianu N, Georgescu M, Bull. Inst. Politech. bucuresti, 27, 59 (1965)
Solomon OF, Ciuta IZ, Cobianu N, Georgescu M, Chem. Abstr., 64, 2169 (1966)
Solomon OF, Cobiana N, Valsilescu DS, Boghina C, AAPG Bull., 6, 551 (1968)
Williams DJ, Macromolecules, 3 (1970)
okamoto K, Yamada M, Itaya A, Kimura T, Kusabayashi S, Macromolecules, 9, 645 (1976)
Itaya A, Okamoto K, Kusabayashi S, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 49, 2082 (1976)
Johnson GE, J. Chem. Phys., 62, 4697 (1975)
DeSchryver FC, Vandendriessche J, Toppet S, Demeyer K, Voens N, Macromolecules, 15, 406 (1982)
Itaya A, Okamoto K, Kusabayashi S, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 51, 79 (1978)

[1] Schildnecht CE, Vinyl and Related Polymers, Wiley, New York (1952)

[2] Geist K, Ger. Patent, 1,097,680 (1961)

[3] Cornish EH, Br. Patent, 1,007,040 (1965)

[4] Dumont E, Rinhardt H, Ger. Patent, 1,001,488 (1959)

[5] Ellinger LP, J. Polym. Sci., 10, 551 (1966)

[6] Sprague RH, Photogra. Sci. Eng., 5, 98 (1961)

[7] Wainer E, U.S. Patent, 3,042,517 (1962)

[8] Ellinger LP, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 10, 551 (1966)

[9] Crellin RA, Leducth A, Macromolecules, 8, 93 (1975)

[10] Sengupta PK, Mukhopadhyay G, Makromol. Chem., 183, 1093 (1982)

[11] Biswas M, Chakravarty DJ, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 11, 7 (1973)

[12] Rooney JM, Makromol. Chem., 179, 165 (1978)

[13] Terrell DR, Evers FJ, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 20, 2529 (1982)

[14] Lee JY, Cho SO, Padias AB, Hall HK, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 12, 271 (1991)

[15] Solomon OF, Dimonie M, Ambrosh K, Tomesku M, J. Polym. Sci., 52, 205 (1961)

[16] Heller J, Tiesken DD, Parkin DB, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 1, 125 (1963)

[17] Pac J, Plesch PH, Polymer, 8, 237 (1967)

[18] Pielichowski J, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Symp., 42, 451 (1973)

[19] Tazuke M, Asai M, Okamura S, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 5, 1911 (1967)

[20] Tazuke M, Asai M, Okamura S, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 6, 1809 (1968)

[21] Cho HN, Choi SK, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 25, 1769 (1987)

[22] Solomon OF, Dimonie M, J. Polym. Sci. C: Polym. Lett., 4, 969 (1964)

[23] Solomon OF, Ciuta IZ, Cobianu N, Georgescu M, Bull. Inst. Politech. bucuresti, 27, 59 (1965)

[24] Solomon OF, Ciuta IZ, Cobianu N, Georgescu M, Chem. Abstr., 64, 2169 (1966)

[25] Solomon OF, Cobiana N, Valsilescu DS, Boghina C, AAPG Bull., 6, 551 (1968)

[26] Williams DJ, Macromolecules, 3 (1970)

[27] okamoto K, Yamada M, Itaya A, Kimura T, Kusabayashi S, Macromolecules, 9, 645 (1976)

[28] Itaya A, Okamoto K, Kusabayashi S, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 49, 2082 (1976)

[29] Johnson GE, J. Chem. Phys., 62, 4697 (1975)

[30] DeSchryver FC, Vandendriessche J, Toppet S, Demeyer K, Voens N, Macromolecules, 15, 406 (1982)

[31] Itaya A, Okamoto K, Kusabayashi S, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 51, 79 (1978)