Journal of Aerosol Science, Vol.48, 34-45, 2012
Eulerian model of a dilute spray of charged droplets
An Eulerian model is proposed for a dilute spray of electrically charged drops moving in a gas under the action of electric forces in conditions such that the fluctuations of the drop velocities about a local macroscopic value are small. The model consists of mass and momentum conservation equations for the drops and a Poisson equation for the electric potential of the macroscopic field induced by the charge of the drops and an externally applied voltage. When it is applicable, the model gives realistic results at a fraction of the cost of a Lagrangian simulation. Results are presented for the spray of liquid drops generated by a single electrospray source between plane parallel extractor and collector electrodes. The maximum flux of drops that can be passed from extractor to collector when the effect of the inertia of the drops is negligible is computed, and the minimum injection velocity required to prevent fly back of the drops toward the extractor for values of the flux above this maximum is determined as a function of an inertia parameter. Results for a spray with two different drop sizes show that, in agreement with experimental results published in the literature, the small drops are the first to fly back toward the extractor when the flow rate of liquid sprayed increases. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.