Pore-filled anion-exchange membranes (PFAEMs) with a thickness of about 25 mu m have been prepared using porous polyethylene substrates and tested for diffusion dialysis (DD) application. The membranes possess strong mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break of 125.8 MPa and 76.2%, respectively) as well as excellent electrochemical characteristics such as low electrical resistance (< 0.4 Omega cm(2)), high anion transport number (> 0.97), and high fraction of conductive region on the membrane surface etc. Moreover, in order to further improve the diffusion dialysis performance of the PFAEMs, the surface of PFAEMs was modified by introducing a thin polypyrrole layer with good affinity to anions. As a result, the PFAEMs exhibited excellent DD performances (high acid permeability and selectivity) superior to that of commercial membrane (i.e. Neosepta-AFX, Astom Corp., Japan) by the surface-modification. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.