SmDy1-xGdxZr2O7 (0 <= x <= 1.0) ceramics are prepared by solid state reaction method at 1973 K for 10 h in air. The crystal structure and microstructure of SmDy1-xGdxZr2O7 ceramics are investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All the SmDy1-xGdxZr2O7 ceramics (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) exhibit a pyrochlore structure except for SmDyZr2O7 ceramic. SmDyZr2O7 ceramic has a defective fluorite structure. The incorporation of Gd3+ facilitates a structural evolution from a defective fluorite into an ordered pyrochlore-type structure. Electrical conductivity of SmDy1-xGdxZr2O7 ceramics has been investigated by impedance spectroscopy over a frequency range of 1 Hz to 8 MHz from 673 to 1173 K. The grain conductivity of SmDy1-xGdxZr2O7 ceramics follows the Arrhenius behavior. The grain conductivity of SmDy1-xGdxZr2O7 ceramics increases obviously with increasing Gd3+ content in the temperature range of 673-1073 K, and the optimal grain conductivity value is 1.90 x 10(-2) S cm(-1) in the composition of SmGdZr2O7 ceramic at 1173 K. All the SmDy1-xGdxZr2O7 ceramics are purely oxide ionic conductors in the test temperature range. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.