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Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol.161, No.9, A1261-A1265, 2014
Ternary and Quaternary Electrolyte Additive Mixtures for Li-Ion Cells. That Promote Long Lifetime, High Discharge Rate and Better Safety
Combinations of vinylene carbonate (VC), a sulfur-containing additive like methylene methane disulfonate (MMDS), and tris(-trimethyl-silyl)-phosphite (TTSPi) and/or tris(-trimethyl-silyl)- phosphate (TTSP) used as electrolyte additives in Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O-2 (NMC111)/graphite Li-ion cells are shown to impart exceptional properties to those cells. These ternary or quaternary additive mixtures: apparently reduce parasitic reactions, such as electrolyte decomposition, at the positive electrode above 4.1 V compared to VC alone; increase the thermal stability of the charged graphite electrode at elevated temperature; improve coulombic efficiency and also reduce impedance of the cells. These factors all suggest longer lived, safer, higher power Li-ion cells with better tolerance to high voltages which will improve energy density. (C) 2014 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.