We have reviewed our recent results on high functional materials by utilization of subnanoscale ordered atomic configurations which can develop in glassy and crystalline bcc, hcp and fcc phases consisting of special elements. The glassy phase in Zr-based alloys consists mainly of subnanocale icosahedral ordered atomic configurations including high density of interface and exhibits unique mechanical properties which cannot be obtained for conventional crystalline alloys. The Ti-based bcc alloys with nanograin sizes of about 5 nm are formed in alloy systems including atomic pairs with positive heats of mixing and exhibit the similar mechanical properties as those for bulk glassy alloys. The Mg-Zn-Y hcp solid solutions can have a novel long-periodic hexagonal structure through stabilization caused by atomic level segregation of Y and Zn elements and the long periodic structure has enabled us to obtain a nanogranular hcp solid solution exhibiting high strength and good ductility. The Al-Fe fee solid solution in a sheet form is also formed by vapor evaporation and exhibits high strength and good ductility. The high strength is mainly attributed to the solid solution strengthening caused by the development of atomic scale Al-Fe ordered atomic configuration. The novel concept of developing new functional materials by the control of subnanoscale ordered atomic configurations is useful and its extension is expected to fabricate more variety of functional materials.