In the present paper, superplastic deformation behaviors and mechanisms of NiAl intermetallic compounds under tensile stress states were investigated. It showed that NiAl and NiAl based alloys in which exhibited superplasticity were prepared by either conventional casting or directional solidification. These alloys could be divided into three categories depending on the type of microstructure: multiphase equiaxed structure (NiAl-9Mo, NiAl-25Cr, NiAl-20.4Fe-Y.Ce, NiAl-30Fe-Y), single-phase equiaxed structure (NiAl) and columnar structure (DS NiAl-27Fe-3Nb, DS NiAl-15Cr, DS NiAl-5Mo-0.5Hf) and the corresponding deformation mechanisms were gain boundary sliding accompanied with dynamic recovery (GBS+DR), dynamic recovery and recrystallization (DRX) and intragrain dislocation slip (IDS), respectively.