The poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (L-lactide) (PEG-PLGA) fihn/collagen-hyaluronic acid (HA) composite material was newly developed as a tissue adhesion preventive membrane. In this study, the effects of the composite matrix on the cell adhesion and proliferation were evaluated. Fibroblasts attached better on the collagen-HA matrix than on Interceed(TM) or PEG-PLGA film. PEG-PLGA showed very low cell adhesive property. SEM observations revealed that the fibroblasts attached evenly on the collagen-HA matrix due to its high water uptake ability and hydrophilicity. In confocal microscopic observation, it was shown that actin microfilaments of fibroblasts were further polymerized on the collagen-HA membrane compared to those on the PEG-PLGA membrane and Interceed(TM). The proliferation test showed that proliferation of fibroblasts was enhanced by collagen-HA matrix. However, very few attached cells were found on the surface of the PEG-PLGA film after 7-day incubation. Therefore, the bioresorbable composite material containing collagen-HA matrix side, which was designed for the damaged layer of peritoneum and PEG-PLGA film side for preventing tissue adhesion, could be proposed as a novel adhesion barrier membrane.