The phosphors YBO3:Eu with different morphology was successfully realized by mild hydrothermal process with different reaction condition. Highly spherical shape, uniform size and non-agglomeration of YBO3:Eu phosphors particle was obtained at 260 degrees C, which is about 850 degrees C lower than that by solid state reactions. The result of XRD showed that all samples were single phase with vaterite type structure. From IR and NMR spectra, it could be concluded that YBO3 contains mainly BO4 tetrahedra which is in favor for absorption VUV excitation. Monitoring by 598nm emission, the main excitation peak at about 247nm was observed in the excitation spectrum of spherical Y0.95Eu0.05BO3. Correspondingly, under 247nm excitation, the main peak at about 598nm was observed. The photoluminescence intensity (D-5(0)->F-7(1) transition of Eu3+) of spherical shape of Y0.95Eu0.05BO3 was 1.5 times in comparison with which prepared-by solid-state reactions. The best photoluminescence intensity was obtained when the concentration of Eu3+ is at 20 at. %. It indicated that hydrothermal method have a potential in the preparing various particles phosphors for application in displays and lamps.