Influences of Ca addition on microstructures and mechanical properties at room and elevated temperatures up to 300 C were investigated for ZE41 (Mg-4%Zn1l%Zn)-(0 similar to 1.0)%Ca permanent mould casting alloys, based on the results from X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and tensile tests. The microstructure of ZE41 alloy is characterized by dendritic alpha-(Mg) grains surrounded by Mg7Zn3-based eutectic network phase. The average size of a grains decreases continuously with an increase in Ca content. The Ca-containing ZE41 alloys have Mg7Zn3-(RE)-(Ca) eutectic phase, in which Ca is distributed inhomogeneously owing to its strong segregation power. It is noteworthy that tensile yield strength (YS) for the ZE41 alloy was enhanced with increasing Ca content at all temperatures up to 300 degrees C, which demonstrates that Ca can play a beneficial role in improving its tensile strength at room and elevated temperatures. The ZE41 alloy with 0.5%Ca showed the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) at room temperature, but in the range of 175 to 300 degrees C, the higher the Ca content, the greater the UTS. The improved tensile strength of the Ca-containing ZE41 alloy would be caused by the refined a grains and higher thermal stability of the Mg(Z)(7)n(3)-(RE)-(Ca) eutectic phase.