In this study, residual stresses state at different scales in the 301LN unstable austenitic steel after deep drawing was determined. The first part of the work deals with the characterization of the martensitic transformation during uniaxial loading. The austenite/martensite content which was determined by X-Ray Diffraction increases until a maximum of 0.6 for 30% strain. Internal stress distribution was determined by coupling in-situ tensile tests with sin(2)psi method. As soon as martensite appears, the magnitudes of the internal stresses in this phase were found to be 400 MPa higher than in the austenite. To establish a relation between the complex loading path effect and the phase stress state, deep drawing tests were carried out for different drawing ratios. Both macroscopic tangential residual stresses and residual stresses in the martensite were determined. It appears that the macroscopic tangential residual stresses are positive and increase with increasing drawing ratios and the maximum value is located at middle height of the cup. It is about 850MPa for the Drawing Ratio (DR)=2.00. The tangential residual stresses in the martensite were found to be positive in the external face and have a same evolution as the macroscopic ones.