The electrostatic interaction between two ion-penetrable, charged spheroidal particles is examined theoretically. These particles can assume different sizes and an arbitrary spatial orientation. The electrical potential distribution is derived analytically under the Debye-Huckle condition. The results for two interaction spheres, one spheroidal particle and a planar surface, and rigid particles covered by an ion-penetrable membrane can be recovered as the special cases of the present general problem. We show that, for a fixed center-to-center distance between two particles, regardless of their relative sizes, the interaction free energy is the greatest if their major axes lie on the same line (head-to-head), and the smallest if their major axes are perpendicular to each other but not on the same plane (perpendicular).