FTIR and UV-vis spectroscopies have been employed to investigate the self-assembly features of a black soap film (BSF) prepared from aqueous solution consisting of 10(-2) M cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and 10(-3) M thiazole yellow (TY) in the liquid-crystalline and gel states, respectively. The construction of two surfactant monolayers of the soap film is independent of the thickness of aqueous core, and the thickness is approximately 1.7 nn at equilibrium. In the liquid-crystalline state, the methylene segments of the hydrocarbon chains are averagely oriented at an angle of 70 degrees with respect to the film normal, and the alkyl chains take a long-range interaction to improve the film elasticity. The TY molecules in the film are horizontally aligned at the monolayer interface in the J-aggregate form. The double-negatively charged TY aggregate greatly enhances the film stability. Dye neutral red is further introduced into the CTAB soap film, the film lifetime is related to the type of the added dyes, in the order of cationic < nonionic < anionic.