화학공학소재연구정보센터
홈 로그인 로그아웃 연락처 사이트맵
Korea-Australia Rheology Journal, Vol.26, No.4, 377-387, November, 2014
Export Citation
Viscosity of the oil-in-water Pickering emulsion stabilized by surfactant-polymer and nanoparticle-surfactant-polymer system
Tushar Sharma1, 2, G. Suresh Kumar1, Bo Hyun Chon3, and Jitendra S. Sangwai1, †
  • 1Petroleum Engineering Program, Department of Ocean Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
  • 2School of Petroleum Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar 382007, India
  • 3Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea
E-mail:
Information on the viscosity of Pickering emulsion is required for their successful application in upstream oil and gas industry to understand their stability at extreme environment. In this work, a novel formulation of oil-in-water (o/w) Pickering emulsion stabilized using nanoparticle-surfactant-polymer (polyacrylamide) system as formulated in our earlier work (Sharma et al., Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2014) is investigated for rheological stability at high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) conditions using a controlled-strain rheometer. The nanoparticle (SiO2 and clay) concentration is varied from 1.0 to 5.0 wt%. The results are compared with the rheological behavior of simple o/w emulsion stabilized by surfactant- polymer system. Both the emulsions exhibit non-Newtonian shear thinning behavior. A positive shift in this behavior is observed for surfactant-polymer stabilized emulsion at high pressure conditions. Yield stress is observed to increase with pressure for surfactant-polymer emulsion. In addition, increase in temperature has an adverse effect on the viscosity of emulsion stabilized by surfactant-polymer system. In case of nanoparticle-surfactant-polymer stabilized o/w emulsion system, the viscosity and yield stress are predominantly constant for varying pressure and temperature conditions. The viscosity data for both o/w emulsion systems are fitted by the Herschel-Bulkley model and found to be satisfactory. In general, the study indicates that the Pickering emulsion stabilized by nanoparticle-surfactant-polymer system shows improved and stable rheological properties as compared to conventional emulsion stabilized by surfactant-polymer system indicating their successful application for HPHT environment in upstream oil and gas industry.
Keywords:Pickering emulsion;nanoparticle;polyacrylamide;surfactant;rheology
  1. Alderman NJ, High-temperature, high-pressure rheology of water-based muds, Proceedings of the Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition of the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE), Houston (1988)
  2. Binks BP, Clint JH, Whitby CP, Langmuir, 21(12), 5307 (2005)
  3. Binks BP, Rocher A, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 335(1), 94 (2009)
  4. Dickinson E, Pawlowsky K, J. Agr. Food Chem., 44, 2992 (1996)
  5. Dickinson E, James JD, J. Agr. Food Chem., 47, 25 (1999)
  6. English RJ, Laurer JH, Spontak RJ, Khan SA, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 41(25), 6425 (2002)
  7. Erni P, Windhab EJ, Gunde R, Graber M, Pfister B, Parker A, Fischer P, Biomacromolecules, 8(11), 3458 (2007)
  8. Frith WJ, Pichot R, Kirkland M, Wolf B, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 47(17), 6434 (2008)
  9. Hermes M, Clegg PS, Soft Matter, 9, 7568 (2013)
  10. Houwen OH, Rheology of oil base muds, Proceedings of the Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition of the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE), New Orleans. (1986)
  11. Jung JC, Zhang K, Chon BH, Choi HJ, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 127(6), 4833 (2013)
  12. Kim S, Kim C, Korea-Aust. Rheol. J., 24(1), 65 (2012)
  13. Kundu P, Agrawal A, Mateen H, Mishra IM, Chem. Eng. Sci., 102, 176 (2013)
  14. Lan Q, Yang F, Zhang S, Liu S, Xu J, Sun D, Colloids Surface A, 302, 126 (2007)
  15. Lequeux FP, Curr. Opin. Colloid In., 3, 408 (1998)
  16. Meister MJ, Kettenbrink GK, Collins AG, Enhanced oil recovery using improved aqueous fluid-injection methods: an annotated bibliography, Energy Research and Development Administration, Technical Information Center, Bartlesville, Oklahoma. (1976)
  17. Ozel BG, Orum A, Yildiz M, Menceloglu YZ, Korea-Aust. Rheol. J., 26(1), 105 (2014)
  18. Pal R, J. Rheol., 36, 1245 (1992)
  19. Pal R, Colloids Surface A, 71, 173 (1993)
  20. Pal R, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 38(12), 5005 (1999)
  21. Pei HH, Zhang GC, Ge JJ, Tang MG, Zheng YF, Energy Fuels, 26(5), 2911 (2012)
  22. Perino A, Noik C, Dalmazzone C, Energy Fuels, 27(5), 2399 (2013)
  23. Ponmani S, William JKM, Samuel R, Nagarajan R, Sangwai JS, Colloids Surface A, 443, 37 (2014)
  24. Pons R, Solans C, Tadros TF, Langmuir, 11(6), 1966 (1995)
  25. Saha RK, Biswas A, Goswami UC, World J. Fish Marine Sci., 3, 71 (2011)
  26. Sangwai JS, Saraf DN, Gupta SK, Polymer, 47(9), 3028 (2006)
  27. Sangwai JS, Saraf DN, Gupta SK, Rheol. Acta, 46(4), 455 (2007)
  28. Sani AM, Shah SN, Experimental investigation of xanthan foam rheology, Proceedings of the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE) Production and Operations Symposium, Oklahoma. (2001)
  29. Sharma T, Kumar GS, Chon BH, Sangwai JS, Thermal stability of oil-in-water Pickering emulsion in the presence of nanoparticle, surfactant and polymer, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2014.07.026. (2014)
  30. Steinborn R, Flock DL, J. Can. Petrol. Technol., 22, 37 (1983)
  31. Thijssen JHJ, Schofield AB, Clegg PS, Soft Matter, 7, 7965 (2011)
  32. Thomas A, Gaillard N, Favero C, Oil Gas Sci. Technol., 67, 887 (2012)
  33. William JKM, Ponmani S, Samuel R, Nagarajan R, Sangwai JS, J. Petrol. Sci. Eng., 117, 15 (2014)
  34. Wolf B, Lam S, Kirkland M, Frith WJ, J. Rheol., 51(3), 465 (2007)
  35. Wu S, Appl. Rheol., 23, 53800 (2013)
  36. Zhang T, Davidson A, Bryant SL, Huh C, Nanoparticle-stabilized emulsions for applications in enhanced oil recovery, Proceedings of the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE) Improved Oil Recovery Symposium, Oklahoma. (2010)