화학물질 운송위험지수를 활용한 염소(Chlorine) 유통 위해성 평가

김정곤; 변헌수; Jeong Gon Kim; Hun Soo Byun

Korean Chemical Engineering Research, Vol.52, No.6, 755-767, December, 2014

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화학물질 운송위험지수를 활용한 염소(Chlorine) 유통 위해성 평가

Hazard Assessment on Chlorine Distribution Use of Chemical Transportation Risk Index

김정곤, 변헌수 ^{1, †}

한화케미칼(주) 울산공장, 680-180 울산광역시 남구 상개로 141
¹전남대학교 화공생명공학과, 550-749 전남 여수시 대학로 50

Jeong Gon Kim, and Hun Soo Byun^{1, †}

Hanwha Chemical Ulsan Site, 141 Sanggae-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-180, Korea
¹Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Chonnam National University, 50 Daehak-ro, Yeosu, Jeonnam 550-749, Korea

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초록

염소(Chlorine)는 지구상에서 가장 많이 생산되고 사용되는 화학물질 중 하나로, 비가연성 물질이지만 독성, 오존층 파괴 및 활발한 반응성을 지닌 물질이며, 현대사회는 염소와 그 유도체의 사용 없이 윤택한 삶을 유지하는 것이 거의 불가능할 정도로 의약품과 세정제, 방취제, 살균제, 제초제, 살충제 및 플라스틱을 비롯하여 공산품의 40% 이상에 사용되고 있는 지구상의 대표적인 화학물질이다. 국내의 경우, 염소는 전국의 다양한 사업장(중소기업, 정수장, 운송회사 등)에서 취급 및 유통되고 있지만 관련 운송위험과 유해성 평가 연구가 부족하여, 국내외 염소누출 관련 사고에 대해 분석 및 염소 취급 및 유통에 대한 유해성 평가를 시도하였다. 특히 화학물질 운송위험지수를 국내 실정에 맞도록 모델화하였고, 액화 염소를 포함한 13종 화학물질의 운송위험성 모사를 통해 유해성 평가를 실시하였다. 이는 염소를 비롯한 다양한 화학물질에 대한 화학물질 운송위험지수 모델을 적용하여 정형화된 유통 유해성평가를 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Chlorine is one of the most produced and most used non-flammable chemical substances in the world even though its toxicity and high reactivity cause the ozone layer depletion. However, in modern life, it is impossible to live a good life without using Chlorine and its derivatives since they are being used as an typical ingredient in more than 40 percent of the manufactured goods including medicines, detergents, deodorant, fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, and plastic, etc. Even if Chlorine has been handled and distributed in various business (small and medium-sized businesses, water purification plants, distribution company, etc.), there have been few researches about its possible health hazard and transportation risks. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to make a detailed assessment of Chlorinerelated risks and to model an index of chemicals transportation risks that is adequate for domestic circumstances. The assessment of possible health hazard and transportation risks was made on 13 kinds of hazardous chemicals, including liquid chlorine. This research may be contributed to standardizing the risk assessment of Chlorine and other hazardous chemicals by using an index of transportation risks.

Keywords:Chlorine;Chemicals Transportation;Distribution;Transportation Risk Index;Hazard Assessment

[References]

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Korea Gas Safety Corporation, The User Safety Manual of the Liquefies Chlorine (KGS 2009-179), Seoul (2009)
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Kim HD, “The study on Chemical Exposure Limit - Chlorine,” The Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute (OSHRI), Seoul (2005)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorine#Characteristics.
NFPA, “NFPA 49, Hazardous Chemicals Data,” National Fire Protection Association, Massachusetts, MA (2002)
NFPA, “NFPA 325, Fire Hazard Properties of Flammable Liquids, Gases, and Volatile Solids,” National Fire Protection Association, Massachusetts, MA (2002)
http://www.emedicine.medscape.com.
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Korea Soda Industry Association, The Chlorine Distributed Emergency Response Guide, Seoul (1997)
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Korea Gas Safety Corporation, GoAb Gas Tong-Gye: The Statistics of High Pressure Gas (KGS 2009-071), Seoul (2009)
Kim JG, Rhyu JY, Lee HY, Byun HS, “A Study on the Risk Evaluation for Chemical Transportation Tank Lorry of Chemical Plants,” Theories and Applications of Chem. Eng., Proceedings of 2003 KIChE Spring Meeting, 9(1), 1270 (2003)
Center for Chemical Process Safety, “Guidelines for Chemical Process Qualitative Risk Analysis,” 2nd ed., American Institute of Chemical Engineers, New York, NY (2000)
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[Referenced By]

[Related Articles]

[1] Ministry of Environment, “The 3rd Investigation of Distributed and Discharged Quality of Chemical, Toxic Chemicals Control Act article 17,” Seoul (2007)

[2] Korea Gas Safety Corporation, The User Safety Manual of the Liquefies Chlorine (KGS 2009-179), Seoul (2009)

[3] Chung JE, “Distribution Risk Review - Dow Chemical Korea Ltd.,” Responsible Care Awards for Excellence in Environmental, Health & Safety Project and Public Outreach, Seoul (2002)

[4] Kwon TO, Park BB, Roh HC, Moon IS, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 48(2), 275 (2010)

[5] Yoo JH, Lee HS, Ko JW, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 28(2), 323 (2011)

[6] Kim HD, “The study on Chemical Exposure Limit - Chlorine,” The Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute (OSHRI), Seoul (2005)

[7] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorine#Characteristics.

[8] NFPA, “NFPA 49, Hazardous Chemicals Data,” National Fire Protection Association, Massachusetts, MA (2002)

[9] NFPA, “NFPA 325, Fire Hazard Properties of Flammable Liquids, Gases, and Volatile Solids,” National Fire Protection Association, Massachusetts, MA (2002)

[10] http://www.emedicine.medscape.com.

[11] Korea Gas Safety Corporation (Institute of Gas Technology Training), The Management Course of the Chlorine Gas Handling, KGS Press, Seoul (2008)

[12] The Chlorine Institute Inc., “Pamphlet 63 First Aid, Medical Management / Surveillance and Occupational Hygiene Monitoring Practices for Chlorine,” The Chlorine Institute, Inc., New York, NY (2003)

[13] http://www.worldchlorine.com.

[14] http://cischem.com.

[15] http://www.kpia.or.kr

[16] http://www.eurochlor.org.

[17] Bommaraju TV, Orosz PJ, “Brine Electrolysis, In Electrochemistry Encyclopedia,” Ernest B. Yeager Center for Electrochemical Sciences: Grand Island, New York, NY (2001)

[18] Korea Soda Industry Association, The Chlorine Distributed Emergency Response Guide, Seoul (1997)

[19] Dow Chemical, “Chemical Exposure Index Guide,” American Institute of Chemical Engineers, New York, NY (1994)

[20] Dow Chemical, “Pacific Area Guideline for hazardous Materials Transportation Risk Review and Reduction Process,” Dow Chemical Pacific Limited, New York, NY (1991)

[21] Korea Gas Safety Corporation, GoAb Gas Tong-Gye: The Statistics of High Pressure Gas (KGS 2009-071), Seoul (2009)

[22] Kim JG, Rhyu JY, Lee HY, Byun HS, “A Study on the Risk Evaluation for Chemical Transportation Tank Lorry of Chemical Plants,” Theories and Applications of Chem. Eng., Proceedings of 2003 KIChE Spring Meeting, 9(1), 1270 (2003)

[23] Center for Chemical Process Safety, “Guidelines for Chemical Process Qualitative Risk Analysis,” 2nd ed., American Institute of Chemical Engineers, New York, NY (2000)

[24] Arendt JS, Lorenzo DK, “Evaluating Process Safety in the Chemical Industry: A User’s Guide to Quantitative Risk Analysis,” Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), American Institute of Chemical Engineers, New York, NY (2000)

[25] Lees FP, Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, Vol. 1, Butterworths, London (1980)

[26] Ministry of Environment, White Paper of Environment, Seoul (2008)