Ultrasound assisted synthesis of epoxidized sunflower oil and application as plasticizer

Anand P. Chavan; Parag R. Gogate

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.21, 842-850, January, 2015

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2014.04.021 Export Citation

Ultrasound assisted synthesis of epoxidized sunflower oil and application as plasticizer

Anand P. Chavan, and Parag R. Gogate^†

Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India

E-mail:

The effect of ultrasonic reactors on the epoxidation of sunflower oil was investigated using two different sonochemical reactors such as ultrasonic horn and ultrasonic bath. The optimized parameters for the synthesis were established followed by scale up studies. Use of combination of ultrasonic bath and mechanical agitation gavemaximum conversion to oxirane oxygen as 91.1%. The synthesized epoxidized sunflower oil (ESNO) was used as plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride sheets and the performance was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical testing methods. It has been established that ESNO plasticizer has ability to replace dioctyl phthalate (DOP) giving a sustainable and greener approach.

Keywords:Epoxidation;Sunflower oil;Sonochemical reactors;Acid ion exchange resin (AIER);Plasticizer

[References]

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Dinda S, Patwardhan AV, Goud VV, Pradhan NC, Bioresour. Technol., 99(9), 3737 (2008)
Mungroo R, Pradhan NC, Goud VV, Dalai AK, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 85, 887 (2008)
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Gogate PR, Tayal RK, Pandit AB, Curr. Sci., 91, 35 (2006)
Gogate PR, Chem. Eng. Process., 47(4), 515 (2008)
Goud VV, Patwardhan AV, Pradhan NC, Bioresour. Technol., 97(12), 1365 (2006)
Goud V, Dinda S, Patwardhan AV, Pradhan NC, Asia-Pac. J. Chem. Eng., 5, 346 (2009)
Chavan VP, Patwardhan AV, Gogate PR, Chem. Eng. Process., 54, 22 (2012)
Paquot C, Standard Methods for the Analysis of Oils, Fats and Derivatives Part I, sixth ed., Pergamon, Oxford, 1979.
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Patil PN, Gogate PR, Sep. Purif. Technol., 95, 172 (2012)
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Bouchareb B, Benaniba MT, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 107(6), 3442 (2008)
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[1] Pal P, Sikder J, Roy S, Giorno L, Chem. Eng. Process., 48(11-12), 1549 (2009)

[2] Stankiewicz AI, Moulijn JA, Chem. Eng. Prog., 96(1), 22 (2000)

[3] Ponce-Ortega JM, Al-Thubaiti MM, El-Halwagi MM, Chem. Eng. Process., 53, 63 (2012)

[4] Piazza GJ, Foglia TA, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 82, 481 (2005)

[5] Gurbanov MS, Chalabiev CA, Mamedov BA, Efendiev AA, Russ. J. Appl. Chem., 78, 1707 (2005)

[6] Meyer P, Techaphattana N, Manundawee S, Sangkeaw S, Junlakan W, Tongurai C, Thammasat Int. J. Sci. Technol., 13, 1 (2008)

[7] Farias M, Martinelli M, Bottega DP, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 384(1-2), 213 (2010)

[8] Yang L, Dai H, Yi A, Lin B, Li G, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 93, 875 (2008)

[9] Dinda S, Patwardhan AV, Goud VV, Pradhan NC, Bioresour. Technol., 99(9), 3737 (2008)

[10] Mungroo R, Pradhan NC, Goud VV, Dalai AK, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 85, 887 (2008)

[11] Goud V, Pradhan NC, Patwardhan AV, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 72, 635 (2006)

[12] Guenter S, Reith R, Robottom KR, Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, sixth ed., John Wiley & Sons, 2003, pp. 269-284.

[13] Gogate PR, Tayal RK, Pandit AB, Curr. Sci., 91, 35 (2006)

[14] Gogate PR, Chem. Eng. Process., 47(4), 515 (2008)

[15] Goud VV, Patwardhan AV, Pradhan NC, Bioresour. Technol., 97(12), 1365 (2006)

[16] Goud V, Dinda S, Patwardhan AV, Pradhan NC, Asia-Pac. J. Chem. Eng., 5, 346 (2009)

[17] Chavan VP, Patwardhan AV, Gogate PR, Chem. Eng. Process., 54, 22 (2012)

[18] Paquot C, Standard Methods for the Analysis of Oils, Fats and Derivatives Part I, sixth ed., Pergamon, Oxford, 1979.

[19] May CA, Epoxy Resins: Chemistry and Technology, Marcel Dekker, New York, NY, 1973.

[20] Sivakumar M, Pandit AB, Ultrason. Sonochem., 8, 233 (2001)

[21] Madhavan J, Grieser F, Ashokkumar M, Sep. Purif. Technol., 73(3), 409 (2010)

[22] Patil PN, Gogate PR, Sep. Purif. Technol., 95, 172 (2012)

[23] Sutkar VS, Gogate PR, Chem. Eng. J., 155(1-2), 26 (2009)

[24] Gamage PK, O’Brien M, Karunanayake L, J. Nat. Found. Sri Lanka, 37, 229 (2009)

[25] Goud V, Patwardhan AV, Dinda S, Pradhan NC, Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol., 109, 575 (2007)

[26] Bouchareb B, Benaniba MT, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 107(6), 3442 (2008)

[27] Wickson EJ, Handbook of Polyvinyl Chloride Formulating., Wiley, New York, NY, 1993.

[28] Chen M, Xu K, Chen D, Zhang H, Fang Y, Zhu L, Liu P, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 92, 503 (2007)