Morphological, optical, and electrical investigations of solution-processed reduced graphene oxide and its application to transparent electrodes in organic solar cells

Jin-Mun Yun; Chan-Hee Jung; Yong-Jin Noh; Ye-Jin Jeon; Seok-Soon Kim; Dong-Yu Kim; Seok-In Na

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.21, 877-883, January, 2015

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2014.04.026 Export Citation

Morphological, optical, and electrical investigations of solution-processed reduced graphene oxide and its application to transparent electrodes in organic solar cells

Jin-Mun Yun, Chan-Hee Jung, Yong-Jin Noh¹, Ye-Jin Jeon², Seok-Soon Kim³, Dong-Yu Kim^{2, †}, and Seok-In Na^{1, †}

Radiation Research Division for Industry and Environment, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 580-185, Republic of Korea
¹Professional Graduate School of Flexible and Printable Electronics and Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 664-14, Deokjin-dong, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 561-756, Republic of Korea
²Heeger Center for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
³School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, Chonbuk 753-701, Republic of Korea

E-mail:,

Morphological, optical, and electrical properties of solution-processed reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) thin-films are investigated by varying on the number of spin-coating cycles and annealing temperature. Spin-coated r-GO thin-films all show full-covered morphologies with highly small rms roughness values ranging from ~1 to 2.5 nm. The sheet resistance of r-GO films can be controlled over two orders of magnitude by controlling both the spin-coating cycles and annealing temperature while conserving the transmittance values of 57-87%. The combination of coating cycles and heat-treatment temperature make the r-GO films as a useful transparent hole-extraction electrode for the application to organic photovoltaic cells.

Keywords:Transparent electrodes;Reduced graphene oxide;Organic photovoltaic cells

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[9] Schlatmann AR, Floet DW, Hilberer A, Garten F, Smulders PJM, Klapwijk TM, Hadziioannou G, Appl. Phys. Lett., 69, 1764 (1996)

[10] Li X, Zhu Y, Cai W, Borysiak M, Han B, Chen D, Piner RD, Colombo L, Ruoff RS, Nano Lett., 9, 4359 (2009)

[11] Kim KS, Zhao Y, Jang H, Lee SY, Kim JM, Kim KS, Ahn JH, Kim P, Choi JY, Hong BH, Nature, 457, 706 (2009)

[12] Arias AC, MacKenzie JD, McCulloch I, Rivnay J, Salleo A, Chem. Rev., 110(1), 3 (2010)

[13] Brabec CJ, Dyakonov V, Scherf U, Organic Photovoltaics: Materials, Device Physics, and Manufacturing Technologies, John Wiley & Sons, Weinheim, Germany, 2008.

[14] Xu YF, Long GK, Huang L, Huang Y, Wan XJ, Ma YF, Chen YS, Carbon, 48, 3308 (2010)

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[16] Yin ZY, Sun SY, Salim T, Wu SX, Huang X, He QY, Lam YM, Zhang H, ACS Nano, 4, 5263 (2010)

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[18] Eda G, Lin YY, Miller S, Chen CW, Su WF, Chhowalla M, Appl. Phys. Lett., 92, 23305 (2008)

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[23] Yun JM, Yeo JS, Kim J, Jeong HG, Kim DY, Noh YJ, Kim SS, Ku BC, Na SI, Adv. Mater., 23(42), 4923 (2011)

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[27] Coakley KM, McGehee MD, Chem. Mater., 16, 4533 (2004)