There is a growing interest in direct thermal-to-electric energy conversion using solid state devices such as thermophotovoltaic (TPV) generators. TPV devices convert thermal radiation from heat sources into electricity without involving any moving parts. TPV opens up possibility for efficient and stand-alone power generation in boilers and furnaces. In this paper, a TPV integrated boiler was designed, built and investigated for micro combined heat and power (micro-CHP) application in residential buildings. A full size gas fired residential boiler was used as a precursor for integration with TPV devices. Experiments were conducted with the prototype TPV boiler so as to evaluate various issues related to this new technology. The electric output of TPV modules installed in the boiler was characterized under different operating conditions. The TPV cell modules generated 246.4 W at an emitter temperature of 1265 C, which would be enough to power the electrical components of the whole heating system. Moreover, such a TPV integrated boiler could be employed to form a micro-CHP system in residential homes, providing an effective means for primary energy savings, on-site power and energy security. Crown Copyright (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.