A multi-scale methodology was established for the investigation of wear and its mechanisms of newly developed refractories for gasification. Starting from ash chemistry and the high-temperature behavior of ash, a new TiO2-armed alumina ceramic was exposed to wear by liquid slag at differently sized test facilities - ranging from laboratory to pilot scale. Through microscopic examinations (optical microscopy, REM/EDX) the degree of degradation as well as the corresponding mechanisms could be determined.