Energy & Fuels, Vol.29, No.2, 985-992, 2015
Response Surface Optimization of Impregnation of Blended Amines into Mesoporous Silica for High-Performance CO2 Capture
We used the response surface method (RSM) to optimize the conditions for the impregnation of blended amines into mesostructured cellular silica foam (MSU-F) to prepare effective solid sorbents for CO2 capture. The effects of the amounts of tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), diethanolamine (DEA), and methanol (MeOH) in the wet impregnation mixture on the amounts of CO2 adsorbed were investigated. The influences of these three independent variables and their interactions were determined using the RSM; the optimum amounts of TEPA, DEA, and MeOH were 1.33 g (7.03 mmol), 0.85 g (8.08 mmol), and 58.2 g, for the preparation of 3 g of sorbent, respectively. Under the adsorption conditions of 40 degrees C and 100 kPa CO2, the optimum sorbent showed fast kinetics and an excellent CO2 adsorption of 5.64 mmol/g; the value predicted by the RSM model was 5.67 mmol/g. Analysis of variance and the coefficient of determination (R-2 = 0.9525) showed the utility of the approach used in this study to optimize the conditions for preparing high-performance solid sorbents. For the optimum sorbent, the heat of adsorption was determined to be 78.9 kJ/mol CO2 at 40 degrees C and 100 kPa, using a Calvet calorimeter, indicating relatively strong chemisorption in the form of carbamate. We also found that the amounts of CO2 adsorbed by the optimum sorbent substantially depended upon the adsorption temperature. The highest CO2 adsorption, 6.86 mmol/g, was obtained at 50 degrees C and 100 kPa.