Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Vol.434, No.1-2, 43-53, 1997
A Comparative-Study of the Electrochemistry of Tin Ions in the Zncl2+xnacl Mixtures at 450-Degrees-C
The electrochemistry of Sn(II) was studied with voltammetry, chronopotentiometry and chronoamperometry at tungsten (W) and glassy carbon (GC) electrodes in the acidic and basic zinc chloride + sodium chloride (ZnCl2 + 2NaCl, 2ZnCl(2) + 3NaCl, ZnCl2 + NaCl) molten salts at 450 degrees C. The voltammograms showed peaks attributed to the presence of three oxidation states of tin, i.e. 0, II and IV, in all the mixtures. Both Sn(IV)/Sn(II) and Sn(II)/Sn systems increase their oxidation power when the amount of ZnCl2 increases in the melt, and this seem to arise from differences in the solvation of the metal ions in basic and acidic melts. The electrodeposition of tin was uncomplicated at W but on GC was complicated by nucleation. In addition the voltammograms corresponding to the electrochemical Sn(IV)/Sn(II) exchange have a better definition on GC than on W, on which some waves were accompanied by current oscillations due to the formation of volatile SnCl4. The two electrochemical exchanges were found to be quasi-reversible, and the values of the kinetic parameters, k(0) and alpha for both reactions were obtained. Mass transport towards the electrode is a simple diffusion process and the diffusion coefficient D-Sn(II) was calculated.