The choline- and peroxydisulfate-based environmentally benign biodegradable oxidizing task-specific ionic liquid (TSIL) choline peroxydisulfate (ChPS) was synthesized, characterized, and evaluated in terms of its oxidizing properties for the selective oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes/ketones under solvent-free mild reaction conditions without overoxidation to acid. FTIR spectra were used to establish the ionic structure of ChPS. The present ChPS was compared with metal (NH4+, K+) peroxydisulfate and other oxidizing agents, and it was found that oxidation occurred in a short reaction time, with good to excellent yields. Physicochemical properties, such as density, thermal stability, viscosity, cyclic voltammetry, and solubility in common solvents, were determined. Biodegradability predictions using BIOWIN and the BOD5 test, the antimicrobial activity test, and energy calculations indicated the excellent performance of choline peroxydisulfate as an effective oxidant.